Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer

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  • Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer Book Detail

  • Author : Tammy A. Morrish
  • Release Date : 2018-01-16
  • Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
  • Genre :
  • Pages : 123
  • ISBN 13 : 2889453898
  • File Size : 90,90 MB

Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer by Tammy A. Morrish PDF Summary

Book Description: The human genome, as with the genome of most organisms, is comprised of various types of mobile genetic element derived repeats. Mobile genetic elements that mobilize by an RNA intermediate, include both autonomous and non-autonomous retrotransposons, and mobilize by a “copy and paste” mechanism that relies of the presence of a functional reverse transcriptase activity. The extent to which these different types of elements are actively mobilizing varies among organisms, as revealed with the advent of Next Generation DNA sequencing (NGS). To understand the normal and aberrant mechanisms that impact the mobility of these elements requires a more extensive understanding of how these elements interact with molecular pathways of the cell, including DNA repair, recombination and chromatin. In addition, epigenetic based-mechanisms can also influence the mobility of these elements, likely by transcriptional activation or repression in certain cell types. Studies regarding how mobile genetic elements interface and evolve with these pathways will rely on genomic studies from various model organisms. In addition, the mechanistic details of how these elements are regulated will continue to be elucidated with the use of genetic, biochemical, molecular, cellular, and bioinformatic approaches. Remarkably, the current understanding regarding the biology of these elements in the human genome, suggests these elements may impact developmental biology, including cellular differentiation, neuronal development, and immune function. Thus, aberrant changes in these molecular pathways may also impact disease, including neuronal degeneration, autoimmunity, and cancer.

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Mobile Genetic Elements

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Mobile Genetic Elements introduces the nonspecialist to the biology and genetics of mobile elements. It attempts to make the biochemistry of DNA rearrangements

Cell Differentiation, Genes and Cancer

Cell Differentiation, Genes and Cancer

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The control of cell differentiation at the genetic level is fundamental to both normal growth of tissues and abnormal growth characteristic of tumors. This volu