While direct electrification appears to provide the most cost-effective route to decarbonization of commercial vehicles, uptake may be constrained by critical m
While platooning has the potential to reduce energy consumption of commercial vehicles while improving safety, both advantages are currently difficult to quanti
Power options for off-road vehicles differ substantially from other commercial vehicles. Battery electrification is suitable for urban construction and light ag
Most heavy trucks should be fully electric, using a combination of batteries and catenary electrification, but heavy trucks requiring very long unsupported rang
A narrow focus on electrification and elimination of tailpipe emissions is unlikely to achieve decarbonization objectives. Renewable power generation is unlikel
