The so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring has become a global phenomenon but has different features in different settings. This bo
In all parts of Asia, households devote considerable expenditures to private supplementary tutoring. This tutoring may contribute to students' achievement, but
This volume tackles perceived myths surrounding the academic excellence of East Asian students, and moves beyond Western understanding to offer in-depth analysi
This book enables Western scholars and educators to recognize the roles and contributions of shadow education/hakwon education in an international context. The
This book theorizes shadow education as a new component of curriculum, expanding the concept of curriculum to include this type of learning. Curriculum scholars
